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  .,MEET .,\R .,3TRIBUTORS           #FD
  .,PAUL .,CALV]T HAS BE5 )! ,DE"P;T =
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  ,FREEL.E \TDOOR WRIT] .,M>K .,GOODW9
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  .,ROB .,LAWR;E HAS BE5 ! =E/
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              .,\TSIDE .,9           #FF
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,!Y'VE CUT _! TEE?1 : IS IMPORTANT1 2C
N[ ! 8*UCKL+S0 >E R1DY 6EAT GR[N-UP
GR.DHOG FOOD1 & T M1NS GRE5S6 ,GR.DHOG
BABIES W (T5 TAKE FOOD F _! "MS' M\?S1
P]H 6MAKE SURE !Y'RE EAT+ ! "R K9DS (
PLANTS4 ,ALL GR.DHOGS SEEM 6L        #FI
PLANTS ) BROAD L1VES BETT] ?AN N>R[-L1V$
GRASSES4
  ,LATE SPR+ & E>LY SUMM] IS ! MO/ FUN
"T 6WAT* GR.DHOGS--IF Y C GET CLOSE 5\<6
,! "MS >E "E-WAT*;L = DANG]1 & X DOESN'T
TAKE M* NOISE OR AC;N 6MAKE H] & H]
BABIES DA% = _! D54
  ,IF Y C /AY V / & V QUIET1 Y MAY GET
6SEE A GR.DHOG FAMILY PLAY+ TGR4 ,A GD
SET ( B9OCUL>S HELPS ) ?4 ,GR.DHOG MOMS
C 2 V A6EC;NATE ) H] BABIES1 T\*+ _!
NOSES1 RU2+ *EEKS ) !M & LETT+ !M CLIMB
ALL OV] H]4 ,X'S 5 6MAKE Y G1 8,AAAWWW60
  ,EV5TU,Y1 ?\<1 ! "M T1*ES H] BABIES
6WAT* = DANG]1 & !Y />T PAY+ M ATT5;N
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4TRACT$ GR.DHOG DOESN'T LIVE V L;G4
  .,SUMM]4 ,0N[ ! GR.DHOG BABIES >E
CR[D+ _! NURS]Y D5S1 : >E USU,Y ONLY AB
#AF 9*ES WIDE1 0#AD 9*ES1 0#CJ 9*ES L;G4
,CR[D$ 3DI;NS =CE ,MOM 6G & DIG NEW
BURR[S4 ,%E DOES ? CLOSE BY1 & :5 %E'S
D"O1 %E L1DS EA* "Y/] 6XS NEW HOME4 ,X
MAY WANT 6FOLL[ ,MOM BACK1 B X DOESN'T4
,E "D1 ?\<1 ,MOM PAYS H] KIDS A      #GJ
VISIT1 WA7+ H] TAIL 9 GREET+ Z %E
APPROA*ES4
  ,0LATE SUMM]1 ! "Y GR.DHOGS H LE>N$
6FE$ !MVS & DA% = _! D5S :5 DANG]
?R1T5S4 ,!Y >E R1DY 6L1VE ,MOM & 2G9 !
HUNT =A W9T] HOME4 ,? IS A P]IL\S "T4
,PR$ATORS S* Z HUMAN HUNT]S1 COYOTES1
FOXES1 DOGS & BOBCATS C CAT* !M \ 9 !
OP54 ,IF ! "Y GR.DHOGS >E LUCKY1 !Y W
F9D A SAFE NEW PLACE 6DIG _! F/ BURR[S4
  ..,LATE SUMM] & E>LY .FALL4 ,FAC+ XS
F/ W9T]1 A "Y GR.DHOG'S JOB IS 6EAT4 ,&
EAT4 ,& EAT4 ,9 ! MORN+ & AG 9 E>LY
EV5+1 A "Y *UCK W EAT 6PACK ON ! FAT X
NE$S 6SURVIVE ! W9T]4 ,! RE/ (! "D1 X W
BASK 9 ! SUN & SNACK ON XS FAVORITE
PLANTS4 ,"S ( ^! MI<T 2 ! VEGETA#S 9 YR
G>D54 ,GR.DHOGS >E "KN 6LOVE P1S1 B1NS1
C>ROTS & SQUA%1 S X'S NO WOND] T _M
G>D5]S ?9K ( GR.DHOGS Z PE/S6
  .,FALL .& .W9T]4 ,0! "T ! SN[ FLIES1
"Y GR.DHOGS W WEI< CLOSE 6#AJ P.DS1 &
MO/ ( ? WEI<T W 2 A ?ICK1 9SULAT+ LAY] (
FAT4 ,= _! F/ W9T]1 "Y GR.DHOGS MI<T
PAIR UP 9 ! SAME D54 ,DUR+ ? "T1     #GA
_! BODY TEMP]ATURES MAY DROP Z L[ Z
#DB99 ,FAHR5HEIT1 & _! HE>TS W B1T ONLY
F\R OR FIVE "TS A M9UTE4 ,!Y W BR1! ONLY
ONCE E F\R M9UTES4 ,_! CLAWS & TEE? W
/OP GR[+4 ,9 ? SL[$-D[N /ATE1 !Y C G )\T
FOOD OR WAT] = NE>LY FIVE MON?S4
  .,FEBRU>Y .#BND4 ,ANO!R ,GR.DHOG ,"D
>RIVES4 ,W Y CAT* A SM>T1 WELL-FATT5$
GR.DHOG \ LOOK+ = XS %AD[8 ,:AT D Y ?9K8
  .,*ECK .,8EM .\6
  ..,DESIGN$ = WAT*+ & .DI7+
  ,TAKE A LOOK AT T H1D4 ,! NOSE1 EYES &
E>S L9E UP AL;G ! TOP (! SKULL4 ,? MAKES
X EASY =A GR.DHOG 6SMELL1 SEE & HE>
DANG] )\T RAIS+ XS H1D TOO F> \ ( XS
BURR[4
  ,) _! %ORT1 /\T LEGS1 SQUATTY BODIES &
WIDE1 FLAT1 FLEXI# PAWS1 GR.DHOGS >E
FURCOV]$1 E>?-MOV+ MA*9ES4 ,!Y C MOVE
HUNDR$S ( P.DS ( DIRT 6MAKE A BURR[
SY/EM4
  ..,PICKY EAT]1 SUN .WOR%IPP]
  ,GR.DHOGS H FLEXI#1 H&-L PAWS4 ,!Y USE
!M 6MOVE DIRT & PICK PLANTS4 ,(T5 !Y W
SIT & HOLD _! FOOD 9 _! PAWS1        #GB
LOOK+ L FAT LL M5 EAT+ S&WI*ES4 ,9 !
SUMM]1 :5 !Y'RE N EAT+1 !Y'RE LY+ 9 !
SUN4 ,"S"TS Y C SEE :OLE FAMILIES BASK+
9 ! SUN1 ESPECI,Y AL;G ROCKY /R1M BANKS4
  ..,:I/LE :ILE !Y ."W
  ,TRUE 6_M ( _! -MON "NS 7SEE SIDEB>71
GR.DHOGS C :I/LE1 GRUNT1 *UCKLE1 GR[L &
SN>L4 ,!Y USE ^! S.DS 6EXPRESS SURPRISE1
S.D AL>MS & REPEL ATTACKS4 ,"S OBS]V]S
CLAIM GR.DHOGS C S+ L CAN>IES1 B WE C'T
GET A ,3S]V,N ,DE"P;T WILDLIFE BIOLOGI/
63FIRM T4
  .,TRIA?LETES
  ,GR.DHOGS _C ONLY MAKE A MAD DA% = _!
D5S :5 DANG] ?R1T5S1 !Y C AL CLIMB TREES
& SWIM4 ,PRETTY IMPRESSIVE A?LETICS = S*
FAT1 L[-SLUNG ROD5TS6
  .,CL1N .H\SE
  ,GR.DHOGS >E GD H\SEKEEP]S4 ,!Y L9E _!
D5S ) FLU6Y1 DRI$ GRASS4 ,!Y BURY _!
POOP )A LAY] ( DIRT 9 A SEP>ATE BA?ROOM4
  ..,FA# A ,=EIGN .,IMPORT
  ,IF GR.DHOGS DON'T GET UP UNTIL SPR+1
:Y D WE / CELEBRATE ,GR.DHOG "D ON
,FEBRU>Y #BND8 ,%E] =CE ( TRADI;N4   #GC
,HUNDR$S ( YE>S AGO 9 ,EUROPE1 P
CELEBRAT$ ,C&LEMAS ON ,FEBRU>Y #BND4 ,ON
T "D !Y PRAY$ = NICE W1!R =! RE/ (!
W9T]4 ,!Y 2LIEV$ T1 IF A BADG] WOKE UP &
SAW XS %AD[ ON ,C&LEMAS1 "! WD 2 SIX M
WEEKS ( BAD W1!R4 ,APP>5TLY ,EUROP1N
SETTL]S ?"\ ,AM]ICAN GR.DHOGS LOOK$ A
LOT L OLD _W BADG]S1 & !Y APPO9T$ !
GR.DHOG _! NEW W9T] W1!R =ECA/]4
  .,WOOD*UCK .OR .,BULLDOZ]8
  ,S H[ M* WOOD WD A WOOD*UCK *UCK IF A
WOOD*UCK CD *UCK WOOD8 ,AB #GJJ P.DS4 ,?
IS AC 6"O WILDLIFE BIOLOGI/ :O M1SUR$ !
9SIDE >EA (A TYPICAL WOOD*UCK BURR[ &
E/IMAT$ T1 IF WOOD _H FILL$ ! HOLE 9/1D
( DIRT1 ! WOOD*UCK WD H _H 6*UCK AB #GJJ
P.DS' WOR? 6DIG X \4
  ,MAYBE WE %D CALL GR.DHOGS BULLDOZ]S
9/1D ( WOOD*UCKS4
  .,"N .T .,ROD5T
  ,GR.DHOGS >E "KN 0_M "NS4 ,WOOD*UCK &
:I/LE PIG >E TWO -MON "OS1 & BABY
GR.DHOGS >E (T5 CALL$ *UCKL+S4 ,\ WE/1
!Y'RE "KN Z M>MOTS1 A T]M T AL 9CLUDES
S"EAL O!R FURBE>]S T >5'T            #GD
GR.DHOGS4 ,! "N WOOD*UCK -ES F A ,NATIVE
,AM]ICAN ^W1 WU*AK1 : M1NS 8DI7]40 NO
D\BT ! ^W S.D$ A LOT L 8WOOD*UCK0
6,EUROP1N SETTL]S4
  ..,:AT ,GD >E ,GR.DHOGS1 .,ANYWAY8
  ,Y MI<T HE> P -PLA9+ AB GR.DHOGS1
CALL+ !M NUIS.ES & PE/S1 & X MAY MAKE Y
WOND] :AT ON E>? A GR.DHOG IS GD =4 ,IF
A GR.DHOG'S NEI<BORS CD TALK1 !Y'D TELL
Y T GR.DHOGS >E "O ( NATURE'S MO/
E6ECTIVE HOMEBUILD]S & HABITAT 5H.ERS4
,9 ! PROCESS ( DI7+ BURR[S & D5S1
GR.DHOGS PROVIDE H\S+ = LOTS ( O!R
CRITT]S L FOXES1 SKUNKS1 W1SELS1
OPOSSUMS & RA2ITS4 ,_! DI7+ AL A4S AIR
6! SOIL & MIXES X1 KEEP+ X RI* & F]TILE4
,DON'T =GET--E NATIVE CRITT] C.TS &
PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE 9 XS -MUN;Y4






..,C>P5T] (! .,=E/ 0,LIZ ,=BES1      #GE
ILLU/R,NS 0,DAVE ,2S5G]1 PHOTOS 0,JIM
,RA!RT
  ,WOODPECK]S H "S AMAZ+ F1TURES =
SURVIV+ 9 ! =E/4 ,KE5 EYESI<T HELPS !M
F9D ANTS1 BEETLES & O!R 9SECTS4 ,!Y
GRASP ! B>K ( TREE TRUNKS ) %>P CLAWS
US+ /IFF TAIL F1!RS Z A PROP4 ,UNLIKE
MO/ BIRDS1 !Y H TWO TOES ON BO? ! FRONT
& BACK ( _! FEET =A TI<T] GRIP4
  ,COCK+ _! H1DS1 !Y LI/5 CLOSELY = S.DS
( 9SECTS 2N ! B>K4 ,P[];L NECK MUSCLES
DRIVE _! *ISEL-L B1KS 96TREES ": _! L;G
T;GUES PROBE = 9SECTS4
  ,9 ,MISS\RI1 Y C SPOT _M DI6]5T
SPECIES ( WOODPECK]S--F ! L>GE1 L\D1 R$-
TOPP$ PIL1T$ WOODPECK] 7M ?AN #AF 9*ES
TALL7 6! PETITE D[NY WOODPECK] 7AB #F
9*ES TALL74 ,W9T] IS A GD "T 6WAT*
WOODPECK]S AT FE$]S4 ,SUET FE$]S &
SUNFL[] SE$S ATTRACT YELL[-BELLI$
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BELLI$ WOODPECK]S4
  ,9 ! SUMM] Y MI<T SEE NOR!RN FLICK]S &
R$-H1D$ WOODPECK]S AT FE$]S OR TAP1 TAP1
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  ..,KNOCK6 ,KNOCK6 ,:O'S .,"!8
  ,NEXT "T Y G \TSIDE1 LI/5 =! KNOCK+ OR
DRUMM+ S.DS (A WOODPECK]4 ,! RHY?M (!
KNOCK+ TELLS Y :AT ! WOODPECK] IS DO+4
  .,TAP*99TAP-TAP*99TAP-TAP-TAP
  ,QUIET1 IRREGUL> DRUMM+ SIMIL> 6,MORSE
CODE M1NS ! WOODPECK] IS SE>*+ = 9SECTS
6EAT4
  .,?UMP-?UMP-?UMP-?UMP-?UMP
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WOODPECK] IS E/ABLI%+ 8 T]RITORY4
  .,,BAM*99,,BAM*99,,BAM*99,,BAM*99,,BAM
  ,SL[1 /1DY KNOCK+ L HAMM]+ A NAIL M1NS
! WOODPECK] IS BUILD+ A CAV;Y = NE/+4
  .,AN .,9SIDE .,LOOK
  .,T;GUE .,TACTICS
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IS S L;G T X IS AN*OR$ 9 ! "R NO/RIL1
WRAPS >.D ! BACK (! SKULL & \ ! M\?4
  ,WOODPECK]S EAT 9SECTS S* Z C>P5T]
ANTS1 T]MITES & BEETLES4 ,!Y AL EAT
NUTS1 FRUITS & B]RIES4
  .,EYE
  ,BIRD EYES >E HUGE4 ,!Y C SEE      #GG
GRT DETAIL EV5 F A 4T.E4
  .,B1K
  ,B1KS >E B"O COV]$ 0K]AT94 ,WORN 0USE1
! B1K GR[S "?\T LIFE4
  .,LEG
  ,MO/ (A BIRD'S LEG IS HI45 "U F1!RS4
,! ONLY "PS 9 VIEW >E USU,Y ! ANKLE1
FOOT & TOES4
  .,GIZZ>D
  ,"P (! /OMA*1 ! GIZZ>D USES GRIT 6GR9D
UP FOOD4 ,X MAKES UP =A LACK ( TEE?4
  .,AIR .SACS
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& MA9TA9 BODY TEMP]ATURE4
  .,W+
  ,MODIFI$ >M B"OS1 F1!RS & P[];L
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  .,TAIL
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6KEEP !M /1DY Z !Y DRUM ON TREES4
  .,BIRD .B"O
  ,HOLL[ B"OS MAKE FLI<T M* EASI] =
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,MAMMALS1 L Y1 H B"OS T >E M H1VY &
SOLID4                               #GH
  .,F1!R .,F1TURES
  ,F1!RS >E UNIQUE 6BIRDS4 ,FLU6Y D[N
F1!RS KEEP WOODPECK]S W>M :ILE \T] 3T\R
F1!RS KEEP !M DRY4 ,FLI<T F1!RS ON ! W+S
>E /R;G & FLEXI# & ALL[ BIRDS 6FLY4 ,O!R
F1!RS1 "KN Z FILOPLUMES1 >E US$ MA9LY =
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  ,T9Y F1!RS COV] ! NO/RILS ( WOODPECK]S
6KEEP \ PIECES ( WOOD Z !Y DRILL4 ,NOTE
! SAW DU/ ON ? D[NY WOODPECK]'S B1K4











  .,,! .,,BACK .,,PAGE               #GI
  .,DE> .,PROFESSOR .,NUTK9S3
  .;,Q3 ,:Y D RA3OONS CLIMB UP 9 TREES
AT NI<T8
  ,JOHN1 AGE #AC
  ,A3 ,RA3OONS >E NOCTURNAL1 : M1NS T !Y
USU,Y SE>* = FOOD F DUSK 6DAWN4 ,MO/ (!
NI<T1 RA3OONS >E ON ! GR.D HUNT+ 9 %ALL[
POOLS1 TURN+ OV] ROCKS & DI7+ 96ROTT5
LOGS4 ,"! !Y F9D _! FAVORITE SNACKS3
CRAYFI%1 CLAMS1 FI%1 9SECTS1 SPID]S1
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9 _! D54
  ,2C !Y >E EXP]T CLIMB]S1 RA3OONS (T5
MAKE _! D5S 9 HOLL[ TREES OR 9 AB&ON$
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FI<T IF CORN]$1 B !Y PREF] F9D+ A SAFE
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  ,LOOK = RA3OON TRACKS 9 SN[ OR MUD4
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6TRAVEL #A MILE8
  ,NICOLE1 AGE #AA
  .,A3 ,AC 6! ,_W ,ALMANAC & ,BOOK   #HJ
( ,FACTS1 A G>D5 SNAIL TRAVELS #J.JC
MILES P] H\R4 ,AT T RATE1 X WD TAKE A
SNAIL M ?AN #CC H\RS 6G #A MILE1 & T
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H BE5 ON ! GR.D =A L;G "T4
  ,IF Y REMOVE A SNAIL F XS HABITAT1
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